Shoulder & Elbow

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Cubital tunnel syndrome occurs when the ulnar nerve—the “funny bone” nerve—becomes compressed as it passes through the elbow. This nerve compression can result in numbness, tingling, and sometimes weakness in the hand and fingers.

Symptoms:

• Numbness and tingling in the ring and pinky fingers
• Pins-and-needles sensation in the inner hand or forearm
• Pain or weakness, especially with repeated bending of the elbow

If left untreated, cubital tunnel syndrome may lead to chronic pain and loss of grip strength. Early intervention helps prevent long-term damage and restore functionality.

Distal Biceps Rupture

A distal biceps rupture is a tear in the lower part of the biceps tendon, often caused by lifting heavy objects or catching a falling object. This injury can cause significant weakness and difficulty with arm movements.
Symptoms:

• Sudden “pop” or tearing sensation in the arm
• Change in the shape or contour of the biceps
• Bruising and swelling that extend into the forearm
• Pain and weakness with bending or twisting the arm

Treatment for distal biceps ruptures varies but may involve surgery to reattach the tendon. Without treatment, long-term weakness and reduced arm function are common.

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, affects the tendons on the outside of the elbow, leading to pain and stiffness, especially during activities that involve lifting or gripping.
Symptoms:

• Persistent, achy pain on the outer elbow
• Pain when lifting objects or shaking hands
• Weakness in the hand and wrist
• Stiffness in the elbow, particularly after activity

This condition is common in athletes but also affects people who engage in repetitive arm and hand movements. Both surgical and non-surgical treatments can alleviate symptoms and restore strength.

Rotator Cuff Tear

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons that stabilize the shoulder. Tears in the rotator cuff can occur from injury or wear and tear, causing pain and limited shoulder movement.

Symptoms

• Pain on the outer or top of the shoulder
• Weakness when lifting or rotating the arm
• Limited range of motion
• Pain at rest and especially at night

Treatment may involve physical therapy, medications, or surgery depending on the tear’s severity. Early treatment can help prevent further damage and improve shoulder function.

Shoulder Arthritis

Shoulder arthritis is a degenerative condition that causes the cartilage in the shoulder joint to wear away, leading to pain and stiffness.

Symptoms:

• Deep ache in the shoulder joint, worsening with activity
• Limited range of motion
• Shoulder pain that intensifies with changes in weather
• Clicking, grinding, or snapping sounds with movement

Treatment options range from medication and physical therapy to shoulder joint replacement in advanced cases. The goal is to reduce pain and improve mobility.

Shoulder Instability & Labral Tears

Shoulder instability occurs when the shoulder joint becomes loose, often due to repeated dislocations or overuse, making it prone to further dislocations. Labral tears can occur due to repetitive shoulder motion or injury.

Symptoms:

• Shoulder slipping in and out of the joint
• Pain during overhead activities
• Popping, grinding, or locking sensations
• Pain that limits everyday activities

Treatment for shoulder instability and labral tears may involve physical therapy or, in more severe cases, surgery to stabilize the joint and repair torn tissue.