Foot & Ankle

Ankle Arthritis

Ankle arthritis occurs when the smooth cartilage that covers the joint wears down, leading to painful, stiff, and swollen ankles. This cartilage is what allows the joint to move smoothly. When it breaks down, movement becomes challenging and painful. Ankle arthritis can develop from previous injuries or general wear and tear over time. Arthritis in the ankle can affect daily movement, from walking to climbing stairs. While there’s no cure, treatments can significantly reduce pain and improve mobility, often involving a mix of physical therapy, medication, and sometimes surgical intervention.

Symptoms:

• Persistent pain around the ankle
• Stiffness and limited range of motion
• Swelling, especially after activity

Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain, affecting the thick band of tissue at the bottom of your foot called the plantar fascia. When this tissue becomes irritated, it causes sharp, localized pain, especially during the first steps of the day. This condition is sometimes referred to as “heel spur syndrome” when a bony spur forms at the base of the heel. Managing plantar fasciitis often involves rest, physical therapy, supportive footwear, and in some cases, injections or custom orthotics. Early intervention can help prevent long-term pain.

Symptoms

• Sharp heel pain, often felt first thing in the morning
• Pain that worsens with prolonged walking or standing
• Sensation of walking on a stone or bruise

Achilles Tendon Rupture

The Achilles tendon, located at the back of the ankle, connects your calf muscles to your heel. This tendon allows you to point your toes and push off when walking. An Achilles tendon rupture is a tear that can occur from sudden, forceful movements, common in sports but can also happen during daily activities. An Achilles tendon rupture can limit mobility for months. Treatment may include immobilization, physical therapy, or surgery to restore full function, depending on the severity.

Symptoms
A sudden “pop” or “snap” sound, followed by intense pain in the calf
Cramping or aching pain, often spreading to the calf
Trouble with walking or pushing off the injured leg

Ankle Fractures

Ankle fractures are one of the most common fractures, especially among active individuals. The ankle is a weight-bearing joint, so any break in the bones can cause significant discomfort and limit mobility. Fractures can range from minor cracks to severe breaks that require surgical repair. Ankle fractures vary in severity. Mild fractures may heal with immobilization, while more complex breaks might require surgical intervention. A full recovery plan often includes physical therapy to restore strength and balance.

Symptoms

• Immediate pain, often followed by swelling and bruising
• Visible deformity in severe cases
• Difficulty or inability to bear weight on the injured foot
• Tenderness or throbbing at the fracture site